The Silence Of Tooth Decay

Most patients know what tooth decay is the moment they feel pain in a tooth. The beginning of a cavity is subtle enough to go unnoticed. Tooth decay is the nations 2nd most common disease next to a cold. It also is 21% of health care cost. Sadly it is preventable.

The structure of a tooth consists of enamel, (the outer layer) dentin, (a softer structure) cementum, (which covers the root) and pulp, which contain the root and nerves. All of these layers are important for the life of the tooth.

Under a microscope the structure of enamel is not smooth and shiny. Although it appears hard and smooth, enamel is made of lattice-like rods. The rods are made of minerals, water, and other inorganic material. This white coating is more like a helmet protecting the tooth.

The layer of enamel is not as thick as most think with relation to the size of the tooth. It supports the grinding of food and biting for the sake of the systems which are underneath it.

Enamel goes through a process of demineralization and re-mineralization. This rebuilding of enamel or re-mineralization happens when there are enough minerals present in our saliva. More importantly, the demineralized area must be clean. This alone makes regular brushing and flossing necessary.

A large number of bacteria live within our mouth. Soft drinks, candy, and starches (which turn to sugar known as sucrose) leave behind a coating in our mouth. This coating causes a decrease in the ph or natural balance of acids and alkaline which live in our mouth making the tooth vulnerable.

Enamel is a strong substance, which most acids cannot penetrate. However, existing bacteria will convert sugars within the mouth into an acid This weakens enamel.

Re-mineralization is not possible after the enamel has been penetrated. The second layer of a tooth, the dentin is a softer structure. Cavities or dental caries form exposing the dentin.

This decay continues affecting the cementum. Left untreated patients are potentially at risk for cardiovascular, digestive, and respiratory complications.

Ideally, teeth should be brushed and flossed after each meal. However, once in the morning and before bedtime can be sufficient. Proper dental hygiene can be practiced at home. Still, it is important to see a dentist regularly. Talking to a dentist can best explain the correct technique for brushing and flossing as well as what else can be done to prevent tooth decay.