Skin Problems With Springer Spaniels

There are 5 principal causes of skin problems in dogs, but springers do fare well compared to other breeds. The main causes are hereditary predisposition, contagious diseases, immune system problems, dermatitis (allergic reaction to external agents), and internal diseases (which may present skin problems as one of the symptoms).

Fortunately, springers are not as susceptible as some breeds to inherited skin problems, or to problems with their immune system. Some of the underlying conditions can be treated and 'cured' easily, whilst others are deep seated and may need lifelong solutions or palliative or (easing) therapies such as ointments.

As with most breeds, they are susceptible to infectious skin conditions (such as mange), and dermatitis arising for a variety of reasons.

Depending on what you see, any form of irritation of the skin could be termed 'dermatitis'. Now let's look at the 3 main problem areas with springer spaniel skin:

Infectious Diseases

By definition, these are picked up from other dogs, or 'traces' of other dogs, such as stools, vomit or fur, though for infectious skin diseases, contact with another dog is the most likely reason. Canine scabies is a not uncommon infectious problem. Fungal infections such as ringworm are more common in puppies than adult dogs.

Springers, like most dogs may also become infected with contagious lice.

If there is any suspicion that your springer has an infectious disease, then get a vet's opinion immediately.

Dermatitis

There are several causes of dermatitis, including bacterial, fungal, yeast, or infection by a parasite (eg the mange), seborrhoea, food allergies, flea bites/saliva, drug reactions; exposure to toxins, nutritional problems, contact with solvents or other irritants, and sunburn. Allergic reaction to food may be harder to track down, and dietary adjustments could be required. If you suspect an allergy, then it's worth talking to the breeder - your dog's parents may have had similar problems. If you are treating your dog for another condition, then an allergy could be due to a reaction to a drug. Your vet would be aware of this. Problems arising from a nutritional deficiency could be due to bad diet, but this is rare for dogs which are properly fed, unless their bodies are unable properly to process, say a particular mineral or vitamin. This of course could be an aspect of a metabolic disorder.

Internal Disease Resulting in Skin Symptoms

These include metabolism disorders (the body's 'engine') and hormonal (endocrine) disorders. Cancer might give rise to excessive itching due to skin irritation. Secondary Problems Problems with the skin which make your springer scratch and lick can lead on to other problems such as Hot Spots. 'Hot spots' - acute moist dermatitis - arise from over-licking a particular spot on the skin (overlicking means licking more than would be usual form grooming or exploration and interferes with other activities such as eating and sleeping). This over licking may be in response to, for example, a flea allergy.

If not treated, then the over licking can lead to a serious bacterial (staphylococcal) which may need antibiotic treatment to cure it, and should always be examined by a vet. Indeed, any other skin problem which results in broken skin should be treated carefully to prevent infections taking hold.

Prevention

Because springers are 'gamey' dogs and get up to all sorts of mucky mischief they should be cleaned and examined regularly. In most cases, prevention is straightforward. Groom your dog regularly, examining the coat and skin, and use a recommended medicated shampoo. If you live in an area where ticks are prevalent (your vet will advise), then check his coat for ticks and use a tick powder regularly.

Obviously, if your dog has discovered any sort of dead animal when out with you, then a good cleanup is essential.