Overview-fiber Optic Cable

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It all started three decades ago with the communication technology sending signals through their hair thin strands of glass fiber which was the result of a R&D in Corning, Bell Labs ITT UK and was first used in Chicago USA 1976 then by mid 80s fiber networks gained a firm ground in major cities and replaced the copper used in telecommunication, microwave and satellite.

Moving forward to mid 90s fiber was discovered by CATV and the used to enhance the reliability of their network at an earlier stage which was a major crisis then. Along the way they discovered that phone and internet can also be offered using the same fiber and this gave a new opening to their business.

At the same time computers and LAN also opted to fiber and the industrial sector took advantage of this fiber optic cable for its distance capability to make it their ultimate choice to furnish the factory floors. Then the predecessors of todays storage area network (SANs), came next mainframe storage networks.

Along with this we saw the development of other applications too such as CCTV for security purpose, aircraft and cable television services. With a fiber optic cable information is transmitted to fiber lines using light pulses instead of using electronic pulses to pass down information to copper lines. The interior of a fiber-optic cable makes simplifies the task of transmitting information.

The transmitter at the end of the system is the origin place of incoming information to the fiber-optic chain. The transmitters duty is to accept the coded electronic pulse information coming from a copper wire. It then transfers the information into a matching coded light pulses upon processing the information. An injection-laser diode (ILD) or a light-emitting diode (LED) is recommended for generating the light pulses.

Next to funnel the light pulses into the fiber-optic medium in order to travel down the cable a lens is used. The total internal reflection principle says that light cannot get out of the glass but bounces back which makes it easy for light pulses to move down the fiber-optic cable.

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