Introduction To China Wellhead Equipment

Introduction To China Wellhead Equipment

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China wellhead equipment
Wellhead equipment is used to connect the oil tubing and casing pipe to an oil or gas pipeline. It also can be used for such operations as acid fracturing, water-flooding and testing, and satisfy different working conditions featured by reliable sealing and safe work.
The casing or casing pipe is a permanently-installed pipe for lining the well hole to provide pressure containment and prevent collapse of the well hole. The wellhead equipment is a kind of flanged device that attaches to the casing, which is used to suspend the casing strings and help seal the well. Wellhead equipment consist of components such as casing heads, casing spools, tubing head spools, tees, and crosses. The casing head is used to connect the casing and the wellhead itself. Normally, multiple pieces of wellhead equipment are integrated into a wellhead assembly, which is called a "Christmas tree". This wellhead assembly allows tubes to be placed into the well while valves and chokes are used to control the flow of oil and/or gas at the surface. Wellhead equipment may be located on offshore platforms, in sub-sea locations, or onshore. Wellheads are cemented in place and, typically, kept in place. Wellhead equipment is designed to support the casing and tubing strings, which may also be suspended from the Christmas tree. In this way, wellhead equipment provides a seal between the different strings and permits access to the annuli between them.
The main components of a wellhead system include the casing head, casing spools, casing hangers, pack-offs and isolation seals, bowl protectors, test plugs, mud-line suspension systems, tubing heads, tubing hangers and tubing head adapters. Basic requirements for materials, dimensions, test procedures, and pressure ratings for wellheads and wellhead equipment are defined on API Spec 6A: Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment from the American Petroleum Institute (API). Wellheads are made by different methods and for different purposes.
There are many factors which affect a wellheads configuration, including pressure, temperature, location, well depth, well size, well purpose, expected well life, well control equipment interface, and drilling method. Based on applications, wellhead equipment is used for casing suspension and to provide pressure isolation when multiple casings are used. Wellhead equipment also provide a way to connect blow-out preventers (BOPs) during drilling. In addition, wellhead equipment is used to provide a method for connecting a tree for well-control during production, injection, or other operations.

Current status of foreign wellhead equipment
The wellhead equipment is not installed on the seabed but in seawater. Like the jack-up drilling ship, the subsea wellhead equipment is supported by several legs in seawater but has a simple closing device on the mud surface of seabed. The subssea wellhead equipment is adopted to make the operation and process simpler and the wellhead operation can be carried out more safely while meeting with the well blowout.

Current status of China wellhead equipment
Casing head and X-max tree are collectively known as wellhead equipment in China. The oil production wellhead equipment has been China mature product. As regards the development of well equipment, there are dozens of manufacturers in China with a certain production scale. They all have obtained the right to use API Monogram and can meet the requirements of API Standard and the working conditions in oilfields to design and produce the well equipment. Various well equipment with the 105MPa pressure produced by the manufactures have reached the international advanced level. Their products take up most of China oil market, and simultaneously some products have been exported to the international market, promoting the further development of the well equipment.

Wellhead equipment for ecological security workover
At present, the wellhead equipment for ecological security workover has been developed successfully, which consists of circulating container, oil and water collecting tank, tubing enclosure, BOP for tubing dismantlement, cleaning wall for outer tubing slot, near-wellhead tray. The wellhead equipment for ecological security workover has wide applications and good oil-leakage resistant effect. It can improve the workover operation environment and simultaneously largely recover crude oil.

About the Author:
China-ogpe.com is a professional B2B Website, which focus exclusively on providing you with detailed product and trade information in the field of oil, gas and petrochemical equipment made in China.



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