How To Build Solar Panel -- Connecting Different Components In A Solar Power Generator

In this article, you'll learn how to put together different components of a solar power generator. You then have the knowledge to build for yourself a solar power system that can supply electricity to small appliances that run on twelve-volt direct current.

Connecting the Solar Cells

Each solar cell produces half a volt. To get eighteen volts, you have to join thirty-six solar cells in series. You should always make calculations to ensure that power generated by your solar panel is sufficient. Otherwise you will have to connect more cells in parallel so you can have enough voltage and current.

The reason we need an eighteen-volt output from the solar generator is because this is what's necessary to charge a twelve-volt battery. A twelve-volt supply is not sufficient to charge a twelve-volt battery.

Constructing the Panel Frame

Next, we have to create the frame. This is a simple box for the photovoltaic cells to sit in. The borders of the box should be three-quarters of an inch wide and should not be too high. Otherwise sunlight will not be able to reach some of the photovoltaic cells (at the sides) when the sun shines from an angle. This will lower the overall efficiency of the panel as some photovoltaic cells will not receive full solar radiation.

Putting the Array of Cells Into The Solar Panel Frame

To get the solar cells into the frame, glue the array of solar cells onto a thin, rigid backing before placing it into the "box". An example of a thin, rigid backing is a Masonite board.

We need to give the rigid backing (substrate) a few coats of paint before pasting the photovoltaic cells on. We must also apply a few coats of paint to the panel frame and dry it thoroughly before putting in the array of solar cells.

Connecting the Diode

You can place the diode inside the solar panel and hold it firmly with some silicone so it won't move about. Remember to allow some slack in the cable so they will not be strained and start pulling on the components.

Covering with Plexiglass

Before you cover the solar frame with plexiglass, test the solar panel's voltage and power output. Then carefully attach the plexiglass onto the solar panel frame using screws.

Attaching the Jones Plug

Finally, you have to solder a Jones plug to the end of the wires that come out of the panel. This completes your solar generator.

After hooking up the different parts in the above manner, you have made for yourself a solar power generator that can supply renewable energy to your appliances that run on twelve-volt direct current.