The diagnosis and treatment of gum disease or periodontitis, is quite naturally known as Periodontics. And those dentists who study beyond their basic dental qualification to specialise in the gums, are called Periodontists.
What is Periodontitis
Periodontitis is a serious oral disease, which if not detected and remains untreated, leads to loss of teeth, which in turn can lead to all kinds of problems in the mouth area, and change of facial structure. Periodontitis is caused by a build up of bacterial plaque, and can be identified by bleeding and receding gums. A huge percentage of the population are thought to have some kind of periodontitis without being aware of it. The disease manifests itself in many forms, the most commonly known being chronic and aggressive periodontitis and gingivitis.
If the disease is diagnosed early enough, periodontists will use non-surgical procedures, such as root-planing and dental scaling to remove the plaque. If the disease is more established, then the only option may be surgical procedures including tooth and gum contouring and bone grafting. If preventative measures are not taken and followed, the disease will come back - periodontitis is a recurring disease.
What are the Symptoms of Periodontitis
Some times the presence of periodontitis can only be detected by or periodontists. While the infection and consequently the symptoms can vary from person to person, there are some symptoms that you should watch out for:
Swollen, red or sensitive gums
Persistent bad breath
Brushing or flossing teeth makes the gums bleed
Teeth that are loosening or separating
Pus between the gums and teeth
Gums which are loose and falling away from the teeth
A very visible change in the way your teeth bite together
If you are think you have any of the above symptoms then it is vital that you visit your dentist as soon as possible. Once the dentist has made their assessment, you may be referred to a periodontist. The periodontist will undertake a thorough oral and periodontal exam which will include x-rays to check for possible depreciation or loss of bone.
Periodontitis is not just about dental health
Periodontitis can be passed from person to person through saliva. If a family member has periodontitis then other members of the family can be at risk of contracting the disease. Pregnant women who have the disease can be more likely to give birth to babies too early and too small.
The disease has also been linked to other health conditions such as diabetes, heart conditions and respiratory problems. The bacteria that causes periodontitis can travel through the blood stream and infect other parts of the body.
How Can I Avoid Periodontitis
Prevention is the best cure for periodontitis, just as it is with all dental and oral problems,. Periodontists will echo your general dentist on preventative measures; a good daily dental health regime is essential for keeping plaque at bay. Regular and effective daily brushing and flossing, combined with twice yearly visits to the dentist are the best way to avoid periodontal infection.
The information above is for your general information only, and does not replace the need to seek personal advice from a qualified dental health professional.
