Chattels And Fixtures: What's The Difference?

Sometimes, it can feel like a conveyancing solicitor is speaking a whole other language. While a first-rate solicitor will happily explain things to you, it never hurts to learn a little bit yourself beforehand. Two terms that are essential to know are "fixture" and "chattel." You can find out what they're about below.

What is a Fixture?

In the context of the conveyancing process, a fixture refers to any part of a property that is more or less permanently fixed to the land. Just remember that the "fix" in "fixture" refers to something that is "fixed" in place. In general, fixtures include things like the actual house, along with anything that is permanently attached to the house. Basically, if something is kept in place by something other than its own weight, it is probably a fixture.

To give you a clearer idea of what a fixture is, it helps to have a few examples. Beyond the house itself, fixtures may include things like carpeting and blinds. Pool filters, satellite dishes and antennas are also typically considered to be fixtures. Inside a house, a stove would generally be classified as a fixture. After all, most homes are sold with stoves included; it is quite unusual to buy or sell a house that doesn't come with a stove "attached."

What is a Chattel?

A chattel refers to property that is easily moveable and, therefore, not permanent. It is temporary in that it can be moved with ease. If anything, a chattel might only be held in place by the force of its own weight - it isn't necessarily kept in place by any other "permanent" means. Things like fridges, washing machines and dryers are considered to be chattels, since they are often removed from a home when it is being bought or sold. This is especially true if the item is particularly new or expensive; buyers and sellers usually prefer to take such things with them.

Conveyancing, Chattels and Fixtures -

As fixtures are generally items that are assumed to be a part of a home, items that will be excluded during the sale of a property must be listed within the Reference Schedule of the property contract. Similarly, any chattels that will be included - i.e., a particularly nice fridge that's being used to sweeten the deal - must be specified, too. In fact, any item that could be disputed at a later time - whether it's removed or included - should be specified within the contract in order to avoid any confusion later on down the road.