Beneficiation Technical Processhxjq

The beneficiation technical process mainly contains ore crushing, ore dressing, and products processing. By material storage and transport them operation of connecting the production process. Some concentrator in order to keep the nature of the crude ore relatively stable, set of homework and ore, also have a few concentrator, the ore in heat or dry, in order to adapt to the sorting process requirements. Mine mine mining out the large chunks of crushed ore is a collection of various mineral, after crushing, narrow piece of degrees; disintegrate into a single mineral, so as to realize the sorting. Ore pieces by crushing, screening and grinding, grade two operating systems completed. Large hydraulic exploratory experiment, then add wash ore and mud work

(1) broken usually points in crushing,Symons cone crusher broken and finely three parts, and finally broken grain size is commonly 8-25 mm. Paragraphs crusher configuration has the screening between homework; Finely paragraph often and sieve composition closed-circuit operation to ensure the products granularity. According to the crude ore block ore and rock ore properties, broken can be classified into two section; Adopting the grinding machine commonly used the concentrator a crushing. Crushing equipment have spinning back crusher, jaw crusher, hammer crusher, etc. Of finely common standard and broken and short head type cone crusher

(2) the screening use case or screen article, the mineral materials according to the article, pore or nets pore size screen and sieve into the product, normally used for screening massive and coarse grain of material of the various types of vibrating screen is widely used screening equipment

(3) grinding broken in the roller is body products grinding medium further to crush and grinding, make the minerals from ore disintegrate. The fine grinding ore mineral disintegrate (monomer solution from) the more perfect,Cone crusher manufacturer but carefully grinding can make grinding power consumption soared, and lead to already monomer separation mineral grains had shattered, go against sorting recycled. The reasonable grinding fineness, also is the mineral monomer disintegrate degrees, depends on the minerals in the ore embedded bout sex (or says contaminated characteristics) and separating process of technical requirements, reflect the best economic effect. Dressing workers used in the second-stage grinding size less than 200 eye (0.074 mm) expressed as the percentage grinding fineness, such as 65% less than 200 mesh. When grinding fineness requirement is very fine, criterion with less than 325 eye (0.044 mm) shown as a percentage of the compound. The grinding machine by grinding medium of materials and shape into great milling machine, the ball mill, the gravel mill and the mill etc. Grinding machine and classification equipment or screening equipment closed-circuit operation. According to the technical requirement and grinding fineness distribution, grinding work also often segments

(4) Hierarchical ore grains in water medium or air medium according to settlement of the different speed, and drop into different level of cement machine it not only used in grinding work, also is in the process of re-election to a homework. Industry commonly used classification equipment have hydraulic grade machine, hierachial machine and hydrocyclone, etc

(5) Wash ore will of hydraulic mining in the crude ore washing sieve, or in the washing machine, scrubbing, loose in the mine, in order to take off exploratory experiment.Sand making machine Wash ore in addition to can prevent exploratory experiment jam about facilities and equipment outside, and recovery of valuable soluble substance or rule out anything of the shale content sorting operation

Ore separation

The main body of the mineral processing operations have chosen, the re-election, the flotation, magnetic separation, electric choose and chemical processing, homework often have roughing, sorting and selected and choose composition

Chosen mainly used as the primary to artificially ore in color or form of ore hand picking is the oldest has chosen method, there is still a application. After the 1940 s developed machinery has chosen machine, is testing the physical properties of special mineral, such as the absorption rate and electric conductivity and magnetic, will the signal detection, transfer to mechanical pick take institutions, from ore flow has chosen a purpose mineral

(2) Re-election ore or particle swarm of ore for the density difference, in the medium (water or air) after loose and layered satisfactions. Because the layered ore grain size and relevant, so the mineral in advance before still needs to be graded.Secondary cone crusher Re-election is the metal ore main mineral processing chloride, before the arrival of the flotation, used widely. Re-election deal with particle size from hundreds of mm general to 0.03 mm; China create centrifugal machine and the UK dressing rice-the turn MoZi pyrrhus bed etc, to deal with the lower particle size can reach up to 10 um henan counterattack Pierce heavy choose low cost, environment pollution is small, be applicable to the density difference of large mineral. According to size in ore, re-election divided into jig dressing, shake bed processing and chute dressing processing macrolevel material jig as can be chosen for sorting operation, are also used as primary homework. Wave of grain size of bed choose suitable for 1-0.05 mm, less than 0.05 mm of fine grain of material is used or centrifugal dressing machine processing chute. Some minerals (such as lead-zinc mine), commonly used in grinding before heavy medium mineral processing enrichment in advance, abandon to a certain number of tailings, so as to improve the crude ore in taste, increase the concentrator processing power,Stone crushing plant reduce the energy consumption and material consumption, increase the economic benefit

(3) flotation mineral grains of water surface of the different wettability satisfactions, natural hydrophobic mineral is few, in order to have the option of enhance a particular mineral particles of surface hydrophobicity, make its attached on the bubbles rise, must be in the addition of various in the pulp of flotation reagents, adjusting to the mineral grains surface wettability, which is mainly of collector, adjustment agent and to maintain the stability of the bubble certain frother. The application of flotation range is very wide, has become one of the mineral raw material sorting important mineral processing, the main processing sulfide ore and fine grained ores embedded cloth; And it can also be used to separation of middle product smelting, the solution of the ion (ion flotation) and processing industry wastewater and from sea water recycling metal ions. Since the 1970 s, improve the flotation equipment, use of large flotation machine and the floatation column,Rotary dryers the development of the fine magnetic particles (less than 5-10 um) of the flotation process, such as selective flocculation flotation and hydrophobic reunion flotation. In the 1980 s, Chinese scholars in depth based on the mechanism of flotation, development of collector on the electrochemical control, a new method of sulfide ore flotation

(4) Magnetic separation of magnetic mineral grains of differences satisfactions strong magnetic minerals, such as magnetite, with weak magnetic field intensity magnetic separation machine sorting; If the magnetic minerals, such as hematite and black tungsten mine with strong magnetic field and magnetic separation machine sorting. Hematite after magnetization roasting become strong magnetic minerals, such, can use weak magnetic field intensity magnetic separation machine sorting. Magnets in ore with magnetic pulley on before primary, abandon to part of the waste stone. After the 1960 s with the development the tooth shape stainless steel assembled magnetic conduction medium for the wet strong magnetic field intensity magnetic separation machine; In the 70 s and the development by steel wool and assembled magnetic medium plate network of strong magnetic field gradient wet high intensity magnetic separation machine, deal with fine grain of weak magnetic mineral sand washing vendors would use superconducting technology research and superconducting magnetic separation machine is also in South Africa and Turkey and other countries applications


(5) The selected mineral grains of different cement use electrical conductivity, sorting out and in high voltage electricity conductors mineral, semiconductors and a non-conductor of electricity mineral. Electricity choose more for dry operation, when sorting materials must first the dry and classification; Just in the treatment of the difficult and very fine grain processing (less than 20 um) materials only when the liquid on the dielectric. Electricity separator processing power small,Dryer machine narrow the range of particle size, but separation effect is good, usually choose and electric, magnetic separation re-election operation combined application, as re-election or flotation rough concentrate selection of homework; Widely applied in YuHaiBin placers rutile, zirconium stones, monazite, ta-nb ores, tin stone of minerals such as electric washing according to different electric field, divided into electrostatic processing machine, mineral processing machine and composite electric field corona mineral processing machine, generally by two or more devices series into units to ensure the quality of products

(6) chemical processing according to the different nature of mineral chemistry, use baking, leaching, extraction, ion exchange technology processing undressed ore or intermediate products, obtain chemical concentrate; Often and physical dressing method combined application of mercury method and mix of leaching gold cyanide process is the earliest application chemical mineral processing. After the 1940 s, the development of the acid leaching precipitation floatation, heap leaching and segregation-such as for the processing technology flotation oxide copper and gold mine. Chemical processing cost though high, but strong adaptability, sorting effect is good, and as complex and fine grain of difficult GongShengKuang dressing resources development, the application will be more and more attention. Chemical processing and extraction metallurgy process is very similar, just chemical processing process raw material is mine extracted or difficult to the middle of the crude ore dressing products; And the extraction of raw materials, metallurgy process for the mine has concentrates

Products Processing

Ore-dressing plant of the concentrate or tailings and output is needed to be in the middle of the processing products (separation middlings), need further treatment, such as dehydration, tailings processing and backwater, etc

(1) Ore-dressing plant of the concentrate or tailings and output is needed to be in the middle of the processing products (separation middlings), need further treatment, such as dehydration, tailings processing and backwater, etc. (1) the dehydration including condensed, filtering and drying homework. Mineral processing in addition to have chosen and electricity choose the other mineral processing mostly with water as medium, so elected concentrate or separation middlings must go through dehydration. Concentrated with inspissation machines or hydrocyclone, pulp water fall to about 50%, the custom is to use the vacuum filter filtering, further reduce moisture. In order to improve the enrichment and filtration efficiency, in the enrichment machines can be added flocculating agent, in the filtering process add filter aid agent. According to concentrate filtering easily, water filter cake of general between 10% and 14%. The 1970 s development automatic filter press, filter cake moisture can fall to about 8%. > drying kiln or use with dry spray drying, fluidized drying technology linear sieve dehydration sieve, dehydration available warehouse or hierachial machine of coarse grained ore concentrate of dehydration; Tailings DAMS in in precipitation dehydration, also have to send the enrichment of the tailings

(2) the great number of tailings processing tailings, especially of nonferrous metal, often accounts for more than 90% of the mineral processing capacity, high taste is the crude ore iron ore concentrator, often also of 50% or more, need DAMS stockpiling, to prevent contamination of the environment and water system, also facilitate future processing technology development, further use the marketable minerals. Physical properties appropriate tailings, can be used as the underground mined-out area filling or building materials. Mine reclamation, vegetation technology can also be used to deal with tailings

(3) the overflow of the return water enrichment machine and tailings water within the clear water can be directly to return to, or after treatment with a return to concentrator after repeated use, but water quality should meet the requirements of the sorting operation, water discharge must composite countries concentrator waste water discharge standards

Material storage

Ensure concentrator workshop or broken equipment between between the normal operation of the important assignments, storage undressed ore of ore nodes or storage mine, storage products with pink of broken ore nodes and broken equipment of ore bins between middle. Concentrate storage, unless the concentrate outside warehouse, concentrate the concentration of the dewatering machine has the function of the storage concentrate

Material Conveying

The main dry material by belt conveyor transportation; With a pipe or chute conveying pulp, often use a difference between their conveying equipment, must raise the sand pump or high diaphragm pumps
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