802.11n Wireless Networking

The result of many years of development are now upon us. As of September 2009 802.11n Wi-Fi will become an official standard.

Presently the majority of the wireless hardware you will buy (routers, wireless network cards, printers etc) will use a networking specification called 802.11g which has a maximum speed of 54Mbps. This maximum speed is being increasingly seen as inadequate as applications become more complex and require more bandwidth.

The successor, 802.11n is being ratified to increase both the speed and range of wireless devices however it should be noted that due to the time the IEEE Task Group n have been arguing about the intricacies, equipment manufacturers got bored and decided to run with the draft specification. As a result, the fact that 802.11n is becoming 'official' is unlikely to change a great deal as hardware utilising the new standard has been available for some time now. Although these devices have been produced working on the draft specification, the reality is that there are very few differences between this and the anticipated final 'official' release.

In essence based on the old 802.11g, the standard 802.11n uses new technology and tweaks to give Wi-Fi greater speed as well as improved reach. The most notable part of this technology is MIMO also known as 'multiple input, multiple output'. This meansit uses multiple antennas to transmit several data streams all at once rather than a lone antenna sending an isolated stream of information. As a result a large amount of data can be transmitted in the same space of time while also improving the range of the network.

Other technologies include payload optimisation which results in more data being transmitted in each packet and channel bonding which can use two separate non-overlapping channels at the same time to transmit data. The result is all this is achievable data transmission rates of around 100Mbps and double the potential range of 802.11g.

There are no additional improvements as far as security is concerned because they really are not needed. As the standard WPA2 encryption provided by older network hardware have proven to be incredibly secure.

It's worth checking the box of any network equipment you have purchased in the last couple of years as you may find it is already compatible with 802.11n and simply needs setting up correctly. It goes without saying that in order to benefit from the faster speed both the transmitting and receiving devices both have to support 802.11n; A 802.11n router working with a 802.11g laptop will result in slower 802.11g speeds.

At present 'n' rated hardware is more expensive than the older 'g' standard however not prohibitively so; our 'n' rated wireless router typically retails for around a tenner more than the £25 'g' rated equivalent. Of course, if you are already happy with your wireless network and the upgrade will mean replacing perfectly functional hardware it is certainly worth considering whether your needs warrant the faster hardware.

At present 802.11n will only be required by those with blisteringly fast broadband connections or those that regularly copy large volumes of data across a wireless network however it will soon become the norm. If upgrading your hardware, therefore, it may well be worth paying a couple of extra pounds now to ensure that you remain future proof.